![]() ![]() Ībnormalities in affective dynamics, assessed by structured interviews or questionnaires such as Affective Lability Scale (ALS) and Affective Intensity Measure (AIM), are strongly implicated in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Across disorders, implications of affective instability on clinical outcomes such as poor functioning and quality of life, prolonged hospitalization, increased use of healthcare services, and suicidality have been reported. While affective instability is most well-researched in conditions where it is a core symptom, such as borderline personality disorder, it is frequently documented by clinicians of individuals with bipolar disorder, personality disorder, and schizophrenia. Īffective instability encompasses the following key dimensions: affective valence, affect amplitude/intensity, rapid affect shifting/oscillation, low reactivity threshold to environmental triggers, and the perceived capacity to control affect. Therefore, it would be of theoretical and clinical value to examine similarities and differences in psychological processes across disorders. Common DNA variants and brain changes that appear to influence the risk of both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have been identified, and an individual’s risk of suffering from either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder is elevated if a first-degree relative has one of the disorders, indicating a significant overlap in genetic factors underlying the two disorders. There is a high level of comorbidity of psychotic and affective symptoms across both disorders. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, presented as distinct and severe mental disorders, share important similarities.
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